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    • 专利摘要:
    A method includes monitoring with a processor (744) the voltage, current, and temperature of a battery (102); determining the state (746) of the battery on the base (102) of the real-time operation of the battery and virtual operation of the battery; and establishing an operating limit (720, 742) of the battery (102) based on the state (746) of the battery (102). Figure 1
    公开号:FR3081086A1
    申请号:FR1905008
    申请日:2019-05-14
    公开日:2019-11-15
    发明作者:Michael A. Carralero；Jimmy M. Quiambao
    申请人:Boeing Co；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    Title of the invention: System and method for managing a battery [0001] The systems and methods relate to managing the operation of a battery and / or the cells of a battery, for example the operation of a battery lithium-ion within safety limits.
    New battery technologies are starting to make a breakthrough in aerospace and automotive applications. The security of these batteries can be complex and their malfunction can lead to overheating. To address these safety concerns, further improvements related to battery chemistry with less reactive cathode materials, new thermally stable electrolytic solvents, and improved separator coating materials can be implemented. Other solutions, such as housings, can be implemented to prevent thermal runaway from causing the combustion of another system due to overheating of the battery. However, a case adds weight and does not solve the problem of overheating.
    Description of the invention In one aspect, systems and methods can regulate battery power. A standby power unit can be connected to a power management unit and the battery. The power management unit stores excess charge in the standby power unit and sends the stored charge to the battery when the battery is less charged than a specified percentage.
    In another aspect, a system and method monitors, with a processor, the voltage, current and temperature of a battery. The battery status is determined based on real-time battery operation and virtual battery operation. A battery operating limit is established based on the state of the battery.
    Other systems, methods, features and advantages will be or will become apparent upon examination of the following figures and the detailed description. It is understood that all of these additional systems, methods, features and advantages can be included in the present description and are protected by the appended claims.
    In association with the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which identical numbers in the different figures may refer to the same element.
    [0007] [fig. 1] is a block diagram of an example of an adaptive battery management system.
    [Fig-2] is a circuit diagram of an example multi-loop charger and battery supply module.
    [Fig. 3] is a circuit diagram of an example of a cell balancing unit.
    [Fig.4] is a block diagram of an exemplary implementation for a cell balancing unit.
    [Fig.5] is a block diagram of an example of a battery cell design that is scalable.
    [Fig.6] is a block diagram of an example of implementation of scalable modules.
    [Fig.7] is a flow diagram of an example of cell balancing algorithm.
    [Fig.8] is a flow diagram of an example of an adaptive algorithm based on a model.
    [Fig. 9] is a block diagram of an example algorithm for an integrated battery state management system (IBHM).
    Detailed description of the invention Current battery systems are not adaptive, with threshold parameters which are constant and are not adaptable to changes in environment and use. As the battery ages, cells deteriorate, which can produce irregular charges, decrease energy storage capacity, and lower voltages. Furthermore, current battery systems are not model-based. In a stressful operating environment, the predicted capacity cannot be verified. Current systems use inactive physical model settings to manage battery life. Therefore, the battery status cannot be synchronized with a virtual model.
    A battery management system and method based on an adaptive model (collectively referred to as a system) monitors the performance and condition of the battery. The system can detect and prevent a short circuit with active thermal control and fire prevention systems. The system can predict the actual state of the battery in any type of environment, including stressful environments. An adaptive battery management system may include an active closed loop system to ensure that the battery is used according to its safety operating specifications in any environment. Adaptive control of the battery management system can be established by balancing each cell and monitoring that each cell does not exceed the maximum charge or discharge state. In the charge mode, the excess charge can be stored in the reserve cells. In the charging mode, the charge stored in the reserve cells can be sent to the weak cells of the battery, for example the cells of the battery which are less charged than a determined quantity, for example a determined percentage of a full charge. The battery management system can be modular to improve scalability from low voltage applications to high voltage applications using basic designs. The approach can lead to greater reliability due to the multiple redundancies.
    Predictive, adaptive and control algorithms can be used for the secure operation of the battery.
    The system can provide a secure operating environment for batteries through the use of a model-based virtual cell as the guardian of battery operation. The system can use two types of operation, real and virtual. Real-time operations are the operations of the battery under any type of environmental condition. These operations are real-time monitoring of temperature, voltage and current, etc. A temperature control unit establishes the operating temperature limits and actively regulates the charge and discharge rates of the battery. Virtual battery operations can be performed in parallel with real-time operations. The outputs can be correlated to analyze their data and deviation to predict the state of the battery. This provides the actual state of the battery. This virtual battery operation is the model-based state standard. The output from the virtual model and the established operating threshold limits provide safe operating conditions and optimize battery usage.
    Figure 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary system 100 for adaptively managing a battery 102, for example a battery management system (BMS). The system 100 may include one or more charger and power modules 104, a power management system (PMU) 106, a temperature management unit (TMU) 108, a gas management unit (GMU) 110 and / or a cell balancing unit 112 for controlling and monitoring the performance of the state of the battery 102. The cell balancing unit 112 can be connected to a regenerative energy storage and to a bus serial communication, as described in detail below. More or less components making it possible to manage the battery 102 can be used. A power bus 114 can connect the battery 102 to the charger and power module 104 and the cell balancing unit 112. A communication bus 116 can connect the battery 102 to the power management system (PMU) 106, to the temperature management unit (TMU) 108 and to the gas management unit (GMU) 110.
    The temperature management unit (TMU) 108 may include a passive temperature control unit which monitors the safe operating temperature of the battery. If the temperature reaches the threshold established for the maximum operating temperature, the temperature management unit (TMU) 108, operating jointly with the battery balancing unit 112, stops the charging or discharging of the battery 102. In conjunction with a predictive control algorithm, the charge and discharge offense can be dynamically fixed to prevent the temperature of the battery 102 from exceeding the maximum temperature. The temperature management unit (TMU) 108 may have active capacity depending on the requirement sets. Heating devices and certain types of active heating or cooling can be used. When they are implemented, these capacities are coupled to the rest of the system 100 so that the battery does not exceed the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery, as well as in each cell within the battery 102.
    The gas management unit (GMU) 110 can be activated when the other protective measures within the battery 102 are exhausted, for example if thermal runaway occurs, due to an internal short circuit. which is too fast to overheat the battery. Such a reaction can trigger the gas management unit (GMU) 110 which is used to quickly activate the discharge elements of the battery 102. The amount of oxygen generated and the build-up of pressure can be monitored and, when the threshold limit is reached, indicating an uncontrollable thermal runaway, the discharge valves are open to release the pressure and pass the accumulation of gas through an opening leading to the outside of the vehicle. In some cases, an active system can be implemented to flood the internal part of the battery 102 with nitrogen, thereby inhibiting thermal runaway reactions.
    The charger and power supply module 104 controls the charge of the battery 102. The charger and power supply module 104 can draw its energy from a system supply and provide a predetermined charge current to the battery 102 The power management system (PMU) 106 can be adapted to a high power application. The charger and power module 104 and the power management system (PMU) 106 can be stacked to derive a high charge current. Control of the charger and power module 104 can be accomplished, in conjunction with the power management system (PMU) 106, using multiple feedback parameters to monitor and maintain the charger and power module 104 at its safe operating temperature, its charging current and its charging current. In one example, multiple power management systems (PMU) 106 can be synchronized using an algorithm, for example, which implements a master / slave relationship among power management systems (PMU) ) 106 to deliver each share of charge current and to determine the correct amount of current charge to battery 102.
    Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of an example of a multi-loop charger and battery supply module 104. The charger and supply module 104 can be implemented in the form of a power management system (PMU) subsystem 106 to control the charge of the battery 102, which connects the LDI charges to LDn, which can all be connected or prioritized by means of the switches 322 and 324. The module charger and power supply 104 may include a DC / DC converter 200, a temperature sensor 202 and a control loop module 204 connected to various transistors, switches, capacitors and resistors, as shown. The supply current 206 and the supply voltage 208 can be determined respectively using RI_sens, I_sens (+), I_sens (-) and V_alimentation_sens.
    The charger and power supply module 104 can provide a constant current / constant voltage charge characteristic to the battery 102 and use a maintenance voltage feedback reference, so that any voltage of desired battery maintenance can be scheduled. The control loop module 204 may include one or more of a charge voltage regulation (LD) loop, a charge current regulation loop 212, a battery stack regulation loop 214 and a battery loop. temperature control 216, as described below below. For example, the load current regulation loop 212 can regulate the input voltage (VIN) by reducing the load current if the input voltage (VIN) drops below a programmed threshold level. Other features may include a resistor programmable maintenance voltage, a wide range of input voltages, scalable modules and scalable load current, built-in reverse input voltage protection, selectable end and accuracy maintenance voltage reference.
    For the generation of a multi-path control power supply, the charger and power supply module 104 can be implemented in the form of a high voltage and high performance controller which converts most of the units externally compensated power supply with full battery chargers. The charger and power supply module 104 merges multiple control parameters: for example the voltage of a charge, the charge current, a stack equalization monitoring device, the temperature and power current to establish the appropriate and secure charge for the battery 102. Characteristics may include: a precise current end, a charge qualified in temperature by means of a temperature sensor 202, an automatic recharge and a C / 10 maintenance charge for the deeply discharged cells, detection of a faulty battery and status indicator outputs. The charger and power module 104 also includes precise current detection which allows lower sense voltages for high current applications and provides low protection against reverse loss current, and protection against overcurrent and overvoltage . The charger and power module 104 can facilitate an instant feature that provides immediate power to the downstream system, even when connected to an extremely discharged or faulty battery. The charger and power supply module 104 can also precondition a maintenance charge, detect a faulty battery, provide a choice of end diagrams and allow automatic restart.
    Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of an example of cell balancing unit 112. The cell balancing unit 112 may be part of the battery 102 which balances the charge of individual cells, for example from cell 1 (300) to cell 8 (307). Other cell numbers can be used. The cells 300 to 307 can include various resistors, capacitors, switches, diodes and transformers, etc., as illustrated. Active equilibrium allows capacity recovery in poorly matched battery stacks. The charge from any of the selected cells 301-307 can be transferred with high efficiency to or from adjacent cells or to a reserve cell or supply unit 310. The cell or supply unit reserve 310 may include one or more batteries, one or more cells, one or more supercapacitors, one or more flywheels, etc. The reserve cell or supply unit 310 can be connected to cells 300 to 307 through a charge recovery converter 312 and a discharge recovery converter 314. The recovery converters 312 may each include a converter monolithic DC / DC recovery designed to actively balance high-voltage battery stacks, to allow voltage regulation and conversion between cells 300 and 307 and the cell or reserve supply unit 310. High efficiency of a switching regulator can increase the balancing current that can be achieved while reducing the generation of heat. In the charging mode, the excess charge can be stored in the cell or reserve supply unit 310. In the discharge mode, the charge stored in the cell or reserve supply unit 310 can be sent to weak cells in the battery.
    The cell or reserve power unit 310 can operate as an external source of regenerative energy for weak cells, in order to increase reliability. The cell balancing unit 112 may also include a switch 320 for connecting / disconnecting the cell or standby power unit 310 and the LDI and LDn loads. Switches 302, 324 can connect / disconnect cells 300 to 307 and loads LDI to LDn, respectively. A switch 326 can connect / disconnect the charger and power module 104 and cells 300 to 307. Resistive Zener diode protection circuits 330 to 337 can be used to bypass cells 300 to 307, respectively, when an external short circuit or to bypass used cells, for example open circuits. The bypass Zener diode can allow a continuous charge / discharge of the battery 102 using the Zener diodes to bypass the defective cells 300 to 307. Isolation transformers 340 to 347 can allow isolation between the cells 300 to 307 and the cell balancing unit 112.
    Figure 4 is a block diagram of an exemplary implementation for a cell balancing unit. The battery 102 can include multiple cells 300 to 307 connected in series. Consequently, the charging current is identical for all cells 300 to 307. If one or more cell charging capacities are degraded, cells 300 to 307 can be overloaded, overheat or can cause thermal runaway which can cause the explosion of battery 102 and a fire. During discharge, if cells 300 to 307 are not balanced, weak cells reach the discharge threshold before the discharge cycle is completed. As a result, the anode potential is reversed, resulting in a deposit of lithium in the plate. Over time, the pads can pierce the separator, which creates a short circuit.
    With the cell balancing unit 112, a fault protection controller can be obtained for bidirectional active balancing based on a transformer 312 of multi-cell battery stacks. An associated gate control circuit, precise current detection, a fault detection circuit and a robust serial interface and a built-in monitoring clock can be integrated, for example as described in FIG. 3. A compatible serial interface with change level allows multiple controllers to be connected in series, without photocoupler or isolator, to allow the balancing of each cell 300 to 307 in a long chain of batteries 102 connected in series.
    The cell balancing unit 112 ensures that each cell 300 to 307 operates at the correct amount of charge when charging and discharging the battery 102. If a weak cell, for example one or more of the cells 300 to 307, charges faster than the other cells, the overcurrent to the weak cell is deflected to a passive element, to other batteries and / or to the cell unit or reserve supply 310. If, on the other hand, a weak cell discharges faster than the rest of the cells, then the discharged current can come from other batteries and / or from the cell or reserve supply unit 310.
    This balancing continues until all the cells 300 to 307 reach a determined threshold of the maximum charge and discharge levels. In this way, the batteries 102 of the battery pack can reach a reliability of about 99.5 percent, in one example. The percentages illustrated are not only given for information. Figure 5 is a block diagram of an example of a battery cell design that is scalable. Cells 300, 301, 300 (n), 300 (nl), etc., are scalable, as can be seen in Figure 5, in a variety of cell formation, for example serial, parallel connections, in series / parallel, to form a module or a battery 102. The formation of cells 300, 301, 300 (n), 300 (nl) can use evolutionary elements in series such as cell balancing units 112 (1 ), 112 (2), 112 (nl), 112 (n), the charger and power supply modules 104 (1) to (104 (n) and a local processor 500. The inputs of processor 500 include requests for load, priority labels and a charge / discharge timeline, as described in detail below. Processor 500 outputs include standard operating condition (SOC), status (SOH), remaining power, and capacity remaining, as described in detail below.
    A common cell balancing circuit allows N cells to be placed in series, for example by being only limited by the capacity of the charger and power supply modules 104 (1) to (104-n). Common battery charger circuits allow scalable levels of voltage and current. Serial peripheral interfaces (SPI) provide a physical serial interface as well as 502 serial data links between intelligent scalable serial interface units, for example for RS 323 or other communications. An SPI bus can operate with the local processor 500 acting as the master charger and battery supply module 104 (n) and with one or more slave charger and battery supply modules 104 (1).
    With multiple slave devices, an independent SS signal can be used from the master charger and battery supply module 104 (n) for each slave charger and battery supply module 104 (1). Slave devices can have tri-state outputs, so that their MISO signal becomes high impedance (logically disconnected) when the device is not selected. Devices without a tri-state output cannot share SPI bus segments with other devices, for example only one slave can communicate with the master and only its chip selection can be activated. To start a communication, the master bus first configures the clock, using a frequency less than or equal to the maximum frequency that the slave device supports. These frequencies are usually a few MHz. The master then transmits logic 0 for the desired chip from the chip selection line. Logic 0 is transmitted because the chip selection line is weakly active, which means that its deactivation state is logic 1; activation is imposed by logic 0. If a waiting period is used, for example for an analog / digital conversion, then the master waits for at least this period of time before starting to exit the clock cycles.
    [0035] During each SPI clock cycle, a full duplex data transmission occurs. The master sends a bit on the MOSI line; the slave reads it from this same line. The slave sends a bit on the MISO line; the master reads it from this same line. Not all transmissions require these four operations to be significant. Transmissions normally involve two shift registers of a given word size, such as eight bits, one in the master and one in the slave; they are connected in a loop. The data is usually first shifted with the most significant bit, while shifting a new, less significant bit in the same register. After register shift, the master and slave exchanged register values. Then each device takes this value and performs an action, such as writing it to memory. If there is more data to exchange, the shift registers are loaded with new data and the process is repeated.
    Transmissions can involve a number of clock cycles. When there is no more data to transmit, the master can stop the clock switching and then deselect the slave. The transmissions can include 8-bit words and the master can initiate multiple such transmissions if necessary. However, other word sizes can also be used, such as 16-bit words for touchscreen controllers or an audio codec, like Texas Instruments' TSC2101; or 12-bit words for many digital / analog or analog / digital converters.
    Figure 6 is a block diagram of an example of implementation of scalable modules 600 (1) to 600 (n). The modules 600 (1) to 600 (n) are scalable in a variety of module formations, for example serial, parallel, serial / parallel connections, to form high-voltage batteries 102. Each module can have interfaces SPI; both physical interconnections and serial data link communications 602, for example each module can be connected to share a common data link 602, for example for RS-232 communications. The common interface allows N battery modules 600 (1) to 600 (n) to be placed in series and / or in parallel. Synchronization of the charger and battery supply modules 104 (1) to 104 (n) allows n battery modules 600 (1) to 600 (n).
    Figure 7 is a flow diagram of an exemplary cell balancing algorithm. The cell balancing algorithm may be one of several algorithms of system 100 used to correlate simulation data with real-time data for battery 102. While system 100 controls and monitors the state of the battery 102, the real-time information of battery 102 can be independently monitored, including various parameters of battery 102, for example temperature, pressure, voltage and current. From the parameters, the real-time part of the system can independently determine the standard operating conditions, the state, the safety threshold parameters and also the charge / discharge of the battery 102.
    The cell balancing algorithm establishes a charge and discharge control for each cell 300 to 307, etc. In conjunction with the rest of the subsystems, cells 300 to 307 are loaded at the rate and at the maximum standard operating condition (SOC) thresholds established by the adaptive algorithm subsystem. The cell balancing algorithm can check battery regulation to determine if cells 300 to 307 are operating normally or out of range (700). If cells 300 to 307 are out of range, the cell balancing algorithm determines if this is a standard operating condition (SOC) (720). If this is not a standard operating condition (SOC), the supply of cells 300 to 307 is stopped (704). If cells 300 to 307 are functioning normally, the cell balancing algorithm determines whether the cells are loaded or unloaded (706).
    During the charging of cells 300 to 307, the cell balancing algorithm determines the state of charge (SOC) (708). The state of charge (SOC) is in the range, the voltage of cells 300 to 307 is checked (710). If the voltage of cells 300 to 307 is within the range, the cell balancing algorithm continues to charge cells 300 to 307 (712). If the voltage of one or more of the cells 300 to 307 has reached the limit or if the state of charge (SOC) has reached the limit, the cell balancing algorithm terminates the charge (716) or checks l cell balance (718) based on a cell configuration, for example a single cell / parallel cells or cells that are connected in series (714). If cells 300 to 307 configured in series are balanced (718), the cell balancing algorithm terminates the load (716).
    If the cells 300 to 307 configured in series are not balanced (718), then the cell balancing algorithm can limit the voltage (Vout) and send the excess charge to the cell stack 300 to 307 and / or to individual cells (720). This can be repeated for all cells in series until the cells are balanced, for example according to the standard operating condition (SOC). When the standard operating condition (SOC) thresholds are reached, cells 300 to 307 can interrupt the charging current to the cell which can be sent to the cell block or an external resistor, or to an external reserve cell, or to any type of energy storage element, for example a cell unit or reserve power supply 310. This process can also be carried out during discharge, except that the external element or the reserve supply current discharge.
    In the discharge mode, it is verified that the discharge of the cells 300 to 307 is in the range or at the maximum level, for example according to the standard operating condition (730). If in range, the cell balancing algorithm can verify that cell voltage 300 to 307 is in range or at a maximum (732). If in range, the cell balancing algorithm can allow cells 300 to 307 to continue discharging. The voltage of one or more of the cells 300 to 307 is minimized or if the depth of discharge (DOD) is at the maximum, the cell balancing algorithm ends the discharge (738) or checks the balance of the cells ( 740) according to a representation of the cells, for example a single cell / parallel cells or cells which are connected in series (736). If cells 300 to 307 configured in series are balanced (740), the cell balancing algorithm completes the discharge (738). Otherwise, the cell balancing algorithm can limit the voltage (Vout) and load from the cell stack and / or from an individual cell. This can be repeated for all cells in series until the standard operating condition (SOC) is balanced.
    At the same time as real-time monitoring of voltage, current and temperature (744), offline processing of models based on multiple physical parameters can be implemented (746). These models adapt to existing operating environments for real-time processing and store control and operating parameters. Voltages, current, temperatures, and pressures can be stored in dynamic virtual memory, while determining standard operating condition (SOC) and other state parameters and thresholds. The local processor 500, for example in FIGS. 5 and 6, can control the processing of the data. Real-time and simulated data are correlated with each other to make statistically accurate predictions and future data trends, such as the ability to hold a charge, a specific point in time, the prediction of sudden failures of battery, updating parameters such as capacity, aging, standard operating condition (SOC), state (SOH), lifetime state (SOL), remaining energy and capacity remaining. The resulting control parameters can be used to update system control and threshold parameters in real time to ensure safe and reliable battery operation.
    FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of an example of an adaptive algorithm based on a model. Power management by adaptive control can include forward looking algorithms to avoid battery failures and countermeasures to prevent and prevent catastrophic failures.
    The model-based algorithm can work in conjunction with other subsystems to establish the processing of real-time data and simulated data. The method can update the operation and the threshold parameters of the real-time system 100 and also characterize the state (dead cells, weak cells, etc.), standard operating conditions (SOC), heat generation, change temperature, the maximum charge / discharge rate. The adaptive algorithm can also predict the remaining battery life (SOL).
    The adaptive algorithm can use monitored data, for example voltages, current, rate and temperature (800). Data can be entered into a SOC, SOH and SOL derivation / estimation algorithm, with updates from (A) described above (802). The derivation / estimation algorithm outputs data from the instant, and the data from the instant (804) can include a characteristic behavior, for example SOH (information concerning dead cells, weak cells, charge current ), capacity, maximum discharge, maximum charge rate, heat generation, temperature change, etc. (806). The adaptive algorithm can compare (808) data of the instant (804), including the characterized behavior, with previous data (810). If there is no change, the adaptive algorithm continues without the need to correlate data, etc. If there is a change between the data of the instant (804) and the previous data (810), the adaptive algorithm can correlate the data, for example to determine the variances between the data of the instant and the data data and predicted data and parameters (814). In this way, the adaptive algorithm can be implemented in the form of an empirical model, for example based on, concerned with or verifiable by observation or experience rather than by pure theory or logic.
    The adaptive algorithm can also execute an optimization of the process to readjust the voltage, the temperature and the change of the current limits, and readjust the variables of the Kalman filter (for example, the voltage, the current and the temperature) (816). The adaptive algorithm updates previous data to obtain a future reference (818). The adaptive algorithm updates the output parameters (820) and updates the chronology (822), for example the predicted lifetime of the battery 102, for the purposes of input into the derivation / estimation algorithm (802), for example to determine the data of the instant (804).
    Figure 9 is a block diagram of an example algorithm for an integrated battery state management system (IBHM). The IBHM can be integrated into the PMU 106 in Figure 1 or be implemented as a separate unit. The IBHM algorithm, together with the model-based algorithm and the systems described above, can establish the present behavior and the expected behavior of the battery 102. The IBHM can store the updated state of the battery 102, predict remaining life and update operating / monitoring parameters for battery 102. Status may include capacity of battery 102, for example if battery 102 is new, halfway through life, at the end of his life, etc. In one example, the PMU 106 can operate the battery 102 based on the state of the battery 102. For example, the battery operating thresholds can be adjusted based on the state. The IBHM can also store / recommend appropriate maintenance or replacement of the battery 102.
    The IBHM algorithm can receive an input signal, for example a voltage, a current, a rate and a temperature (900). The IBHM can condition the input signals, for example with analog filtering and / or analog / digital (A / D) conversion (902). The IBHM can process the signals, for example digital filtering, data transforms, thresholding, rate (change in voltage with respect to temperature change and / or change in voltage with change in current) and / or determining the state of charge (SOC), for example as a function of voltage, current, rate and temperature (904). The conditioned and processed inputs can be introduced into a data fusion model, for example a multivariate statistical approach, an extended Kalman filter and / or a Bayesian inference (906). As part of the data fusion model, offline process information can be entered, including a BDS mathematical model, a BDS standard of condition tables (SOC) and a SoC as a function of voltage, current, temperature, rates and aging (908). The derived SoC can be determined from filtered voltage, current and temperature measurements. The extended Kalman filter can provide a good estimate of actual measurements and take into account incomplete and noise data. Bayesian inference can merge earlier data from SoC, current, voltage (Voc), rate and temperature to get a better estimate of SOC limits, time thresholds plus one (t + 1), (t +2), ... (t + n) and temperature.
    Pre-exit processing can include thresholding and an out-of-range function analysis (910). The IBHM can then determine the output variables Voc, SoC, SOC, SOH and SOL (912). The IBHM can also include a diagnostic module used to determine end-of-life thresholds from the signals (914). End-of-life sheets can be one of the output variables.
    The advantages of the system 100 may include greater security and reliability, a system 100 which provides greater reliability and secure operation according to the manufacturer's specifications, monitoring of the condition and prognosis capabilities, including various security mechanisms and countermeasures within the cell / module, and / or greater use of the battery. System 100 can operate battery 100 in a higher state of charge (SoC) range, for example, which is specific to its chemical properties and consumer needs.
    The systems and methods described above can be implemented in different ways in many different configurations of hardware, software, firmware and any combination thereof. In one example, the systems and methods can be implemented with a processor and memory, the memory storing instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to execute the systems and methods. The processor can be any circuit such as, but not limited to, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor or another processor. The processor can also be implemented with discrete logic or components, or a combination of other types of analog or digital circuit, combined on a single integrated circuit or distributed over several integrated circuits. Some or all of the logic described above can be implemented in the form of instructions which can be executed by the processor, the controller or another processing device, and can be stored on a tangible or non-transient medium can be read by a machine or a computer, such as a flash memory, a random access memory (RAM) or a read only memory (ROM), a reprogrammable read only memory (EPROM) or another medium which can be read by a machine, such than a compact disc read-only memory (CDROM), or a magnetic or optical disc. A product, such as a computer program product, may include a storage medium and computer readable instructions stored on the medium which, when executed by a final computer system or other device, brings the device to carry out the operations according to any one of the above descriptions. The memory can be implemented with one or more hard disks and / or one or more readers using mobile media, such as floppy disks, compact disks (CD), digital video disks (DVD), flash drives and other mobile media.
    The processing capacity of the system can be distributed over several system components, such as over several processors and memories, optionally comprising multiple distributed processing systems. Parameters, databases and other data structures can be stored and managed separately, can be incorporated into a single memory or database, can be organized logically and physically in various ways and can be implemented in various ways, including data structures such as linked lists, hash tables, or implicit storage mechanisms. The programs can be parts (for example, subroutines) of a single program, separate programs, distributed over several memories and processors or implemented in various ways, for example in a library, such as a library shared (for example, a dynamic link library (DLL)). For example, the dynamic link library can store code that performs any of the system processing described above.
    In addition, the disclosure includes the embodiments according to the following clauses.
    Clause 1. System, comprising: a battery; a power management unit connected to a battery, the power management unit regulating battery power; and a reserve power unit connected to the power management unit and the battery, the power management unit storing excess charge in the reserve power unit and sending the stored charge to the battery when the battery is less charged than a specified percentage.
    Clause 2. System according to clause 1, in which the power management unit operates the battery within determined threshold limits.
    Clause 3. System according to clause 2, in which the threshold limits include at least one of the power and the current for a given load.
    Clause 4. System according to clause 1, in which the power management unit determines a state of the battery.
    Clause 5. System according to clause 4, in which the state of the battery includes a new battery, a battery at the middle of its life and a battery at the end of its life.
    Clause 6. The system according to clause 4, in which the power management unit adjusts the threshold limits based on the state of the battery.
    Clause 7. System according to clause 1, in which the power management unit predicts a state of the battery by comparing data in real time with simulated data.
    Clause 8. The system according to clause 1, further comprising an isolation transformer connected between the battery and the reserve power unit.
    Clause 9. System according to clause 1, further comprising a Zener diode connected to a battery cell, the Zener diode bypassing a defective cell.
    Clause 10. System according to clause 9, in which the defective cell comprises an open circuit in the battery during a charge or discharge.
    Clause 11. System according to clause 1, in which the power management unit predicts a battery life.
    Clause 12. System according to clause 1, in which the power management unit recommends maintenance for the battery.
    Clause 13. System according to clause 1, further comprising a temperature management unit connected to the power management unit, the temperature management unit monitoring the temperature of the battery and stopping charging or the discharge of the battery when the battery operates beyond a determined limit.
    Clause 14. System according to clause 1, further comprising a gas management unit connected to the power management unit, the gas management unit monitoring a gas pressure around the battery and opening a valve to reduce the pressure and deflect the gas when the gas or pressure is beyond a determined limit.
    Clause 15. System according to clause 1, further comprising a cell balancing unit connected to the battery and the reserve power unit, the cell balancing unit balancing a cell charge drums.
    Clause 16. A method, comprising: monitoring with a processor the voltage, current and temperature of a battery; determining the state of the battery on the basis of real-time operation of the battery and virtual operation of the battery; and establishing a battery operating limit based on the state of the battery.
    Clause 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising sending an excess charge to a reserve supply unit and passing the stored charge from the reserve supply unit to the battery that is less charged than a specified percentage.
    Clause 18. The method of claim 16, further comprising predicting the life of the battery.
    Clause 19. The method of claim 16, further comprising recommending battery maintenance.
    Clause 20. The method of claim 16, further comprising balancing a charge of the battery cells.
    Many modifications and other embodiments set out in this document will come to the mind of those skilled in the art by taking advantage of the lessons presented in the preceding descriptions and in the associated drawings. Although specific terms are used in this document, they are used only in a generic and descriptive sense and not for limiting purposes.
    Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown, from which we can provide other modes and other embodiments, without departing from the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    claims [Claim 1] A method, comprising: monitoring with a processor (744) the voltage, current and temperature of a battery (102); determining the state (746) of the battery based (102) on real-time operation of the battery and virtual operation of the battery; and establishing an operating limit (720, 742) of the battery (102) based on the state (746) of the battery (102). [Claim 2] The method of claim 1, further comprising sending excess charge to a reserve supply unit and passing the stored charge from the reserve supply unit to the battery which is less charged than 'a specified percentage. [Claim 3] The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising predicting the life of the battery (102) using a power management unit (106). [Claim 4] The method of any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising recommending battery maintenance using a power management unit (106). [Claim 5] The method of any of claims 1 to 4, further comprising balancing a charge of the battery cells (102). [Claim 6] The method of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the power management unit (106) operates the battery (102) within determined threshold limits. [Claim 7] The method of claim 6, wherein the threshold limits include at least one of power and current for a given load. [Claim 8] The method of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the state of the battery (102) comprises a new battery, a battery at half of its life and a battery at the end of its life. [Claim 9] The method of claim 6, wherein the power management unit (106) adjusts the threshold limits based on the state of the battery (102). [Claim 10] The method of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the power management unit predicts a state of the battery (102) by comparing real-time data to simulated data. [Claim 11] The method of any of claims 1 to 10, further comprising using a power management unit (106) and a temperature management unit (108) connected to the management unit
    power supply (106), the temperature management unit (108) monitoring the temperature of the battery (102) and stopping the charging or discharging of the battery (102) when the battery (102) is operating beyond 'a specified limit. [Claim 12] The method according to any of claims 1 to 11, further comprising using a power management unit (106) and a gas management unit (110) connected to the power management unit (106), Γ gas management unit (110) monitoring a gas pressure around the battery (102) and opening a valve to decrease the pressure and deflect the gas when the gas or pressure is beyond a determined limit. [Claim 13] The method of any of claims 1 to 12, further comprising using a cell balancing unit (112) to control and monitor the performance of the battery condition (102). [Claim 14] The method of claim 13, wherein the cell balancing unit (112) is connected to a regenerative energy storage and a serial communication bus. [Claim 15] A method according to any of claims 1 to 14, comprising one or more charger and power supply modules (104) controlling the charging of the battery (102).
    1/9
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JP6732467B2|2020-07-29|
    FR3032838B1|2019-07-26|
    DE102016101789A1|2016-08-18|
    JP2016184573A|2016-10-20|
    FR3081086B1|2022-01-07|
    BR102015031501A2|2016-08-23|
    FR3032838A1|2016-08-19|
    US10547184B2|2020-01-28|
    US20160241058A1|2016-08-18|
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    法律状态:
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    2021-06-25| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20210625 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US14/624,754|US10547184B2|2015-02-18|2015-02-18|System and method for battery management|
    US14/624,754|2015-02-18|
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